The following SQL data types store numeric data:
Use the NUMBER data type to store integers and real numbers in a fixed-point or floating-point format. Numbers using this data type are guaranteed to be portable among different Oracle Database platforms. For nearly all cases where you need to store numeric data, you would use the NUMBER data type.
Oracle Database provides the numeric BINARY_FLOAT and BINARY_DOUBLE data types exclusively for floating-point numbers. They support all of the basic functionality provided by the NUMBER data type. However, while NUMBER uses decimal precision, BINARY_FLOAT and BINARY_DOUBLE use binary precision. This enables faster arithmetic calculations and usually reduces storage requirements.