A translation is a special type of transformation matrix.
See Geometry - Transformation Matrix.
The functional form <MATH> x' = x + t_x \\ y' = y + t_y </MATH> becomes: <MATH> \begin{bmatrix} x' \\ y' \\ 1 \end{bmatrix} = \begin{bmatrix} 1 & 0 & t \\ 0 & 1 & t \\ 0 & 0 & 1 \end{bmatrix} \begin{bmatrix} x \\ y \\ 1 \end{bmatrix} </MATH>
In Svg, the transform matrix is implemented with the matrix function. A translation would be matrix(1 0 0 1 X Y).
Below:
Example:
rect {
height:20px;
width:20px;
fill:#ECDCC6;
}
<svg>
<!-- N -->
<rect/>
<rect transform="matrix(1 0 0 1 20 20)" />
</svg>