While conditions control the rendering and processing of specific controls or components on a page, authorization schemes control user access.
Authorization schemes use the identities established by authentication to grant privileges on applications and objects within them.
You can specify an authorization scheme for:
Application > Edit Application Properties > Security
You can use the APEX_UTIL package to check authorizations for users
Authorization Scheme metadata for a page
SELECT pages.id
, pages.name
|| ' ('
|| pages.id
|| ')' AS "Page"
, CASE
WHEN scheme.name IS NOT NULL
THEN scheme.name
|| ' ('
|| pages.required_role
|| ')'
END AS "Authorization Scheme"
FROM WWV_FLOW_STEPS pages
, WWV_FLOW_SECURITY_SCHEMES scheme
WHERE pages.flow_id = 109
AND pages.required_role = scheme.id (+)
ORDER BY pages.id