The difference between model (ER, Dimensional, Vault) has everything to do with terminology and method.
There are two basic types of physical models :
E-R models are designed to minimize data storage redundancy and optimize data updates.
Dimensional models are designed to enhance understandability and to optimize query performance.
The Data Vault consists of three primary entity types:
The Hubs are core business keys, the Links form all relationships, and the Satellites provide all descriptive information.
You can represent any object in a database using just four tables.