MySQL - Character Set
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character sets configuration in mysql
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Management
Show Configuration
SHOW GLOBAL VARIABLES LIKE 'character_set%';
Variable_name |Value |
------------------------|--------------------------|
character_set_client |latin1 |
character_set_connection|latin1 |
character_set_database |latin1 |
character_set_filesystem|binary |
character_set_results |latin1 |
character_set_server |latin1 |
character_set_system |utf8 |
character_sets_dir |/usr/share/mysql/charsets/|
List
SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.CHARACTER_SETS cs;
Set
You can specify character sets at the server, database, table, and column level.
Server
- conf file
[mysqld]
character-set-server=utf8
collation-server=utf8_general_ci
- options of the daemon, use the:
- --character-set-server
- --collation-server
Database
- Set - Tables created in the database will use utf8 and utf8_general_ci by default for any character columns.
CREATE DATABASE mydb
CHARACTER SET utf8
COLLATE utf8_general_ci;
- See
USE db_name;
SELECT @@character_set_database, @@collation_database;
--or
SELECT DEFAULT_CHARACTER_SET_NAME, DEFAULT_COLLATION_NAME
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.SCHEMATA WHERE SCHEMA_NAME = 'db_name';
@@character_set_database|@@collation_database|
------------------------|--------------------|
latin1 |latin1_swedish_ci |
mysql Client
If you want the mysql client program to communicate with the server using a character set different from the default, you can define it:
- at the connection level
mysql --default-character-set=utf8 ...
- or in the script
SET NAMES 'utf8';