Python - Linux Installation of Python 2.7.13 next to another version

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About

This page shows you how to install python next to the actual python system version.

Python is generally controlled/distributed with the Linux distribution. Upgrading it may cause several defect in your system.

A better way is to install an other Python installation next to the actual.

The installation is done via the autoconf process

Steps

Fortunately, the configuration and build process has been automated for Unix and Linux installations, so all you usually have to do is type a few commands and sit back.

Get it

Download it,unzip it

wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/2.7.13/Python-2.7.13.tgz
tar -xvzf Python-2.7.13.tgz

Installation Documentation

The whole installation documentation can be found in the README file. Check the Build instructions section.

Prerequisites

To build the sqlite3 module, you'll need the sqlite3 or libsqlite3 packages installed, including the header files.

Many modern operating systems distribute the headers in a separate package to the library - often it will be the same name as the main package, but with a -dev or -devel suffix.

Configuration

Before you can build Python, you must first configure it. The configuration will determine your system configuration and creates the Makefile. (ie all build parameters)

./configure

Some special cases are handled by passing options (argument) to the configure script. See the README section Configuration options and variables

Below are a couple of options:

  • –prefix (default /usr/local). Location of all platform-independent files in subdirectories
  • –exec-prefix (defaults to the –prefix directory). Location of all binary and other platform-specific files will be installed in subdirectories
  • –enable-optimizations Sets the default make targets up to enable Profile Guided Optimization (PGO) and may be used to auto-enable Link Time Optimization (LTO) on some platforms.

When it's done, you are ready to run make.

Make (build)

In the toplevel directory

make

The interpreter executable python is built in the top level directory.

Almost all modules are automatically built as appropriate under guidance of the setup.py script, which is run by Make after the interpreter has been built.

Test

Testing the interpreter, in the top-level directory.

make test

This runs the test set twice (once with no compiled files, once with the compiled files left by the previous test run).

The test set produces some output. You can generally ignore the messages about skipped tests due to optional features which can't be imported. If a message is printed about a failed test or a traceback or core dump is produced, something is wrong.

output Example:

355 tests OK.
2 tests failed:
    test_gdb test_sqlite
1 test altered the execution environment:
    test_import
43 tests skipped:
    test_aepack test_al test_applesingle test_bsddb185 test_bsddb3
    test_bz2 test_cd test_cl test_codecmaps_cn test_codecmaps_hk
    test_codecmaps_jp test_codecmaps_kr test_codecmaps_tw test_curses
    test_dl test_gdbm test_gl test_idle test_imageop test_imgfile
    test_kqueue test_linuxaudiodev test_macos test_macostools
    test_msilib test_ossaudiodev test_readline test_scriptpackages
    test_smtpnet test_socketserver test_startfile test_sunaudiodev
    test_tcl test_timeout test_tk test_ttk_guionly test_ttk_textonly
    test_turtle test_urllib2net test_urllibnet test_winreg
    test_winsound test_zipfile64
9 skips unexpected on linux2:
    test_bz2 test_gdbm test_idle test_readline test_tcl test_tk
    test_ttk_guionly test_ttk_textonly test_turtle
make: *** [test] Error 1

Install

Installation of the Python binary, library modules, shared library modules, include files, configuration files, and the manual page.

If DESTDIR is set, it will be taken as the root directory of the installation, and files will be installed into $(DESTDIR)$(prefix), $(DESTDIR)$(exec_prefix), etc.

To install Python not as the primary installation, run make altinstall

make altinstall

All files and directories installed using “make altinstall” contain the major and minor version and can thus live side-by-side even with the same prefix altinstall skips creating the python link and the manual pages links

With altinstall: All subdirectories created will have Python's version number in their name, e.g. the library modules are installed in /usr/local/lib/python

/ by default, where is the .release number (e.g. “2.1”).

The only file not installed with a version number in its name is the manual page, installed as “/usr/local/man/man1/python.1” by default.

You generally don't want to do that. This is for informational purpose.

To install the primary version

make install

install will hide the system binaries and manual pages

For example, if you want to install Python 2.5, 2.6 and 3.0 with 2.6 being the primary version, you would execute “make install” in your 2.6 build directory and “make altinstall” in the others.

Check

The Python binary is installed as “python

/usr/local/bin/python2.7
Python 2.7.13 (default, May  8 2017, 12:29:27)
[GCC 4.1.2 20080704 (Red Hat 4.1.2-50)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>>





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