About
case sensitivity is a parameter of string comparison (or collation) that tells if the case should be taken into account during the comparison.
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Type
case-sensitive
Comparing two strings in a case-sensitive manner means comparing them exactly, code point for code point
case-insensitive
Comparing two strings in a case-insensitive manner means comparing them exactly, code point for code point except that the characters in the unicode range U+0041 to U+005A (i.e. LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A to LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z) and the corresponding characters in the range U+0061 to U+007A (i.e. LATIN SMALL LETTER A to LATIN SMALL LETTER Z) are considered to also match.
caseless
Comparing two strings in a compatibility caseless manner means using the Unicode compatibility caseless match operation to compare the two strings, with no language-specific tailoirings. [UNICODE]