Git - Commit

commit in git

commit

Commit identifier are SHA calculated on the following inputs:

• the SHA of the all files and directories
• the SHA of all ascendant commit
• the commit message
• the author name/email/timestamp
• the committer name/email/timestamp

To reference a commit by name and not by SHA, named called ref can be used.

The commot message is given with the -m option.

git commit -m "My Commit"

List:

• GIT_AUTHOR_DATE
• GIT_COMMITTER_DATE

# Give a date to the commit
git commit --date='Wed Feb 16 14:00 2037 +0100'
git commit --date='2005-04-07T22:13:13' # Iso

# Change the date of a previous commit
# The -C HEAD is just to bypass editing the commit message
git commit --amend --date='Wed Feb 16 14:00 2037 +0100' -C HEAD

See How can I tweak the date of a commit in the repo?

To visualize the type of commit, you can use emoji

See a list of emoji by commit type at Emojis Commit

Git - Log (Commit History)

git log --format=fuller
git log --pretty=oneline

Undo the last commit without deleting the changed files - Reset

# --soft is the default
git reset --soft HEAD~

If you accidentally commit on master, it's not hard to fix things up. Assuming you've just made an errant commit on master:

• “Backs up” your commit, creating a topic branch

git branch myNewTopicBranch
 

• Reset your master branch to the same state as upstream/master

git reset --hard upstream/master

If you want to your working directory back to the status of upstream, see working directory purge

• commits that branch-X has but master doesn't

git log master..branch-X

Options:

• –oneline
• –stat will show the files

Git - difftool

git difftool -y origin/master..origin/develop

git checkout commit_hash
git checkout 56a4e5c08

You are then in a detached head state.

or

git checkout -b branchName commitHash

• commit