English - Conjunctions

About

Conjunctions, as their name implies, are words that join:

They also indicate the relationship between those words.

The most important strategies as you start to write longer sentences is to make those relationships between the two sentences.

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The four different types of conjunction are:

Type	Join	Relationship
coordinating	words or word groups	logical
correlative	words or word groups	logical
adverbial	sentences, or phrases, independent clauses	logical
subordinate	sentences, or phrases	subordinate

Coordinating

Coordinating conjunctions indicate the logical Relationship between sentences. They are used to join words phrases and clauses (See compound sentence) They are extremely versatile. They are easily remembered with the acronym FAN BOYS.

Coordinating Conjunction		Relationship
F	for	reason
A	and	addition
N	nor	not another option
B	but	contrast
O	or	another option
Y	yet	contrasting addition
S	so	result

Example:

Join two verbs: Juan enjoys dancing and snowboarding.
Join two sentences: Juan enjoys dancing at the local club and snowboarding at Big Bear mountain
join clauses: Juan enjoys dancing, and he enjoys snowboarding.

Correlative

correlative conjunctions work in pairs. So these include phrases, and constructions that will start out,

not only … but also,
neither … nor,
either … or,
whether … or,
both … and.

The most common one is the not only … but also.

Example:

I want you either to clean your room or to wash the dog.
I want you neither to clean your room nor wash the dog.

Adverbial

Adverbial conjunctions are also known as transition.

Unlike coordinating conjunctions and correlative conjunctions that link words and word groups, adverbial conjunctions join independent clauses.

If your paragraph lacks transitions, use them to help you create a smooth, logical flow of ideas in your paragraph. Transitions not only provide a smooth shift from one idea to the next, but they will also create logical relationships within your topic. Each of these words or phrases will help you to generate more information and supporting details. In addition, using these words will make your paragraph easier to read.

Adverbial conjunctions tell the reader the relationship between the two main clauses.

Adverbial conjunctions are going to create a logical relationship between two sentences, or phrases. A good way to remember a nice list of these is remember the acronym, HOT SHOT CAT

H	However	S	Similarly	C	Consequently
O	Otherwise	H	Hence	A	Also
T	Therefore	O	On the other hand	T	Then
		T	Thus

There are many of these adverbial conjunctions:

in addition,
moreover,
in contrast,
in fact,
accordingly.

The list goes on and on.

Below are common adverbial conjunctions organized by the relationship they specify.

Addition	Emphasis	Comparison or Contrast	Cause or Effect	Time/Sequence	Example
in addition	in fact	however	as a result	finally	for example
furthermore	indeed	nevertheless	consequently	meanwhile	in this case
moreover	surprisingly	nonetheless	hence	next	such as
further	in any case	otherwise	therefore	first, second, third, etc	notably
lastly	certainly	in contrast	thus	then	in particular
as a matter of fact		in comparison		at this point
		on the other hand
		whereas
		similarly

Example:

I want to go to the movies, however, I need to write my English paper.

Subordinate

Subordinate conjunctions are a word or group of words that introduces a subordinate, dependent clause. See also complex sentence

Whereas adverbial conjunctions are going to create a logical relationship between two sentences, or phrases, Subordinate conjunctions actually change and subordinate one type of a sentence to another one.

Subordinate conjunctions are fairly simple words.

Subordination just means that it reduces its position in relationship. You have one sentence that's more important, or one group of words, is more important than another group of words.

Below are common subordinating conjunctions organized by the relationship they specify:

Cause or Effect	Concession	Condition	Comparison or Contrast	Purpose	Space or Time
as	though	if	while	in order that	before
because	although	since	as	so that	since
since	even though	unless	rather than		once
	even if	when			after
		whenever			while
					when
					until
					whereas

Example:

although I want to go to the movies, I need to write my English paper.
even though I want to go to the movies, I need to write my English paper.

Reference

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