How to write a Linux Script (Shebang)?

About

This page is about the creation of Script in Linux.

They

  • can be written in many languages
  • does not need an extension
  • must be given the execution permission

Syntax (Shebang)

#!/bin/bash 
or
#!/usr/bin/env perl

where the first line called the shebang define the interpreter to run.

  • the # is the command
  • the exclamation mark (“!”) is affectionately called “bang”
  • /bin/bash the path to the interpreter.
  • env start a new script without environment variable

The interpreter is not limited to bash. Scripts can be written in an other language such as:

#!/bin/csh
  • Python,
#!/bin/python
  • Perl
#!/bin/perl
#!/usr/bin/Rscript
  • Ruby, PHP, etc, etc.

The shebang is a kernel required syntax (not mandatory from the shell prespective)

Location

According to the FHS, the script may be located:

  • in the /bin/ or /usr/bin directory for use by all users
  • in the user HOME/bin otherwise





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